Public Speaking 
for 
Business Environments
Jorge Melendez, MBA, BBA, AAOD
10 = Academy Award Winner (twice)
1 = Terrified
Comfort Level with Public Speaking
1
2
3
4
Sessions
Day One
Day Two
Day One
Day One
Session 1
Understanding rhetorical context and preparing appropriate communication
1. Recognize the need for organizational communication

2. Understanding your audience to build good will

3. Develop basic public speaking skills
Session 2
Communicating Difficult Info and Planning for Effective Communication
1. Communicating difficult information and planning effective communication.

2. Evaluate effective and non-effective strategies in communication 

3. Analyze effective strategies for communicating negative, corrective, or motivational messages. 

4. Develop a plan for researching an issue. 

5. Prepare oral forms of communication that inform and create goodwill
Session 3
Using Visuals to Persuade
1. Develop an effective, well-reasoned argument to support a claim or correct a problem.

2. Determine appropriate and effective use of visuals to support an argument.

3. Create persuasive oral messages
Session 4
Formal Presentation skills
1. Developing formal presentations skills 

2. Assess the characteristics and efficacy of a well-designed oral presentation. 

3. Integrate communication skills to create a well designed communication piece appropriate for a target audience.

4. Create an effective, well-designed, and well-researched presentation using effective verbal communications skills
Nuts & Bolts 
And
Ground rules
1. We're all Co-Learners  
2. We're all adult Learners 
3. Safe Place to Learn 
4. Learn to start talking & stop talking 


*you're an expert observer in public speaking
Andragogy
Malcolm S. Knowles
Art and science of adult learning
Per Knowles Andragogy is the art and science of adult learning, and therefore the practice of teaching adult learners.
Knowles’ 5 Assumptions Of Adult Learners
Self-concept: 
As a person matures his/her self concept moves from one of being a dependent personality toward one of being a self-directed human being 
1
Knowles’ 5 Assumptions Of Adult Learners
Adult Learner Experience:
As a person matures he/she accumulates a growing reservoir of experience that becomes an increasing resource for learning. 
2
Knowles’ 5 Assumptions Of Adult Learners
3
Readiness to Learn:
As a person matures his/her readiness to learn becomes oriented increasingly to the developmental tasks of his/her social roles.
Knowles’ 5 Assumptions Of Adult Learners
4
Orientation to Learning:
As a person matures his/her time perspective changes from one of postponed application of knowledge to immediacy of application. As a result his/her orientation toward learning shifts from one of subject- centeredness to one of problem centeredness.
Knowles’ 5 Assumptions Of Adult Learners
5
Motivation to Learn:
As a person matures the motivation to learn is internal
Knowles’ 4 Principles Of Andragogy
1. Adults need to be involved in the planning and evaluation of their instruction. 

2. Experience (including mistakes) provides the basis for the learning activities. 

3. Adults are most interested in learning subjects that have immediate relevance and impact to their job or personal life. 

4. Adult learning is problem-centered rather than content-oriented.
Pareto Principle
AKA: 
- 80/20 rule, 
- the law of the vital few, 
- the principle of factor sparsity
  Michael Jordan
This is 
how many remember MJ
This is how MJ
remembers it
Introductions
3 minutes each
Name
Work
Passion
Find your Voice
Hint: it's hidden in your passion
Session 1
Understanding Rhetorical Context
1. Recognize a variety of forms of organizational communication

2. Analyze an audience to build good will

3. Choose appropriate channels to adapt a message and communicate effectively to a target audience
 Ethos: character 
 Pathos: emotion 
 Logos: logic or reason
Ethos - Pathos - Logos
3 modes of persuasion
Ethos - Pathos - Logos
Ethos is an appeal to ethics, and it is a means of convincing someone of the character or credibility of the persuader.
Ethos
"He appeared to me, to speak as Homer wrote; his talents were great indeed, such as I never heard from any man." Thomas Jefferson
Pathos
Pathos is an appeal to emotion, and is a way of convincing an audience of an argument by creating an emotional response.
"Painting is a blind man's profession. He paints not what he sees, but what he feels, what he tells himself about what he has seen." Pablo Picasso
Logos
Logos is an appeal to logic, and is a way of persuading an audience by reason
"Computers are useless. They can only give you answers." Pablo Picasso
Body Language
Body Language
Pablo Picasso 

Bullfight (Corrida) 1934
Picasso 1896 (15 years old)
Picasso 1897 (16 years old)
Picasso's Guernica 1937
Learn the rules so that then you know how to break them
View Video: The “5 Things Every Presenter Needs to Know About People” video (6:09 mins):
Analyze an Audience to build good will
Audience: 
- Who are they? 
- Why are they there? 
- Why do they care? 
- What do they want?
The "Speech" Introduction & Conclusion
The Introduction 
Grab attention and interest 
Declare the topic 
Establish Credibility & Goodwill 

Credibility, in part, comes from being qualified to speak on the subject. 

It is also about your own confidence and preparation.
The Conclusion 
Signal end of the speech

Reinforce central idea 

Please (pretty please) don'd be long-winded
Public Speaking and Acting 
   Kathryn Marie Bild 
(acting and public speaking coach and author)
Public Speaking and Acting: Kathryn Marie Bild 
1. Know all the characters before you ever step on to the stage. In a play or film, each actor knows every character. His character doesn’t necessarily know all the other characters, but the actor playing that character does.
2. Dress for the part When they dress for the part, proponents say, it helps actors give themselves “permission to play.” Then, in that freed state, they begin to do the deeper work of acting.
Public Speaking and Acting: Kathryn Marie Bild
Public Speaking and Acting: Kathryn Marie Bild 
3. Claim the stage as your own Not to get familiar with the set, as an actor does, but more as a claim to rights and authority. Your claim is, “This place is my place, no one else’s, and I am the one." This is huge for you. You are empowering yourself. “I am on assignment, me, an assignment that I take very seriously.”
Public Speaking and Acting: Kathryn Marie Bild 
4. Play your part with full emotional enunciation If I ask you to enunciate your words, I am asking you to say them with precision, to the end that I may more clearly discern and interpret their meaning. When I ask the actor or speaker to enunciate his emotions, I am asking him to feel and express his emotions more precisely, to the same end, that I may more clearly understand them.
Public Speaking and Acting: Kathryn Marie Bild
5. The cast is all in it together. At the beginning of a theatrical production the cast members will assemble around a large table in a theater or rehearsal space, each with a script before him or her, and read the play from start to finish. When a speaker steps onto the podium, he or she has the same opportunity an actor has to claim that the event is a partnership. It is a group commitment, the speaker and the audience is in it together.
Pick any topic & draft a presentation, utilizing Prezi, PPT, Emaze, etc. 

- Presentations will be 10 minutes per student/individual. 

- If you have not previously used Prezi, consider using PPT since we will have limited time. 

 - Each participant will be given the opportunity, at the end of each session, to update his/her PPT/Prezi. 

- Session four each participant will present her/his PPT/Prezi.
Individual Presentations
Session 2
Communicating difficult Info & Planning for effective comm.
1. Analyze effective strategies for communicating negative, corrective, or motivational messages.
2. Develop a plan for researching an issue.
3. Prepare oral forms of business communication that inform and helps foster goodwill.
View Video: “Want to sound like a leader? Start by saying your name right” (15:32 mins):
Class Discussion
How would you present a subject matter that is typically dry and tedious?

If it's important, is it really "dry"? - If it is dry, is it important?

If it's not important do you need to talk about it? If you do need to talk about it, it is important? 

 So, what do you do?
"Tell us about a time when you were trying to relay important information to someone that just didn’t want to listen or seemed uninterested. What did you do and what was the result?"
For those tedious subjects: 
- Time management is critical 
- Less is more 
- Don't force the information * keep it cool
If you had to give an oral presentation, how would you present it to ensure you maintain the audience attention?
- Time Management 
- Project your voice 
- Get to the point 
- Use stories 
- Know your audience 

 ***** BE YOURSELF******
In spite of our best intentions, we are sometimes misunderstood by others. When that happens, our ability to hear the feedback and accept correction appropriately is critical to conflict resolution.
People, for the most part, will forgive.
If you make a mistake own it. - The cover-up is always worse than the crime!
Think of a time you viewed an oral presentation (e.g., speech, lecture, sermon, etc.) that captured your attention immediately and kept you engaged.

Was there anything specifically that helped capture your attention?
Develop a plan for researching a topic
Invest time for preparation and drafting of your presentations. Edit, edit, edit.
 Update your presentations.
Individual Presentations
Session 3
Using Visuals to Persuade
2. Determine appropriate and effective use of visuals to support an argument.
1. Create persuasive oral messages
"The content is the cake, the delivery is the icing"
Brian Balfour
Find your Voice
Have you found it yet?
Why are you here?
It's not about length and being wordy, its about content!
View Video: “How to give great presentations. An alternative to PowerPoint, Bullet Points, boring presentations” video (2:58 mins):
Well-reasoned arguments to support a claim
Claim: a confident statement that (something) is true but may not be proven or supported. 

 Argument: a position on a topic organized by a claim or series of claims that are supported by reasons and evidence. 

Opinion: personal thoughts, feelings, and beliefs on a topic that cannot be supported with evidence.
Well-reasoned arguments to support a claim
Claims must be supported by evidence & warrants. 
 - A warrant is an explanation that connects the evidence to the claims
Well-reasoned arguments: 
- Acknowledges the "other side" of the argument 
 - Challenges its own claims and considers its limitations
Evaluate the visual impact and the story or textual impact. In terms of the visual, story, or textual impact, which is more effective and why?
Colum Five Media: 10 Tips For Designing Effective Visual Communication
Did the message appeal to you? 

How did the message make you feel?
Nike: Find Your Greatness
Did the message appeal to you? 

How did the message make you feel?
Sonic
Did the message appeal to you? 

How did the message make you feel?
Volkswagen 
Identify and share commercials that have moved you in one way or another. 

Please explain 
 Update your presentations.
Individual Presentations
Session 4
Developing Formal Presentation Skills
Assess the characteristics and efficacy of a well-designed presentation, to include time management.
Integrate communication skills to create a well-designed communication piece appropriate for a target audience.
Create an effective, well-designed, and well-research presentation using written and verbal communication skills.
Class Discussion
Overview 
5 Assumptions

1. Self-Concept
2. Adult Learners Experience
3. Readiness to Learn
4. Orientation to Learning
5. Motivation to Learn 
Andragogy
4 Principles

1.Involved in instruction 
2. Experience (including mistakes)
3. Learning subjects, immediate relevance
4. Problem-centered 
Andragogy
Conclusion 
- Effective Public Speaking is about: 
Content, Homework, & Preparation. 
Knowing the audience. 
Don't forget Practice
Thank you
Knowles, M.S. (1985) Andragogy in action. 

San Fransisco: Josey-­‐Bass. Leopold, L. (2017). Stunning statistics for persuasive speaking. Communication Teacher, 31(1), 21-26.

http://www.pablo-ruiz-picasso.net/period-first.php Rentz, K. & Lentz, P. (2015). Business communication (3rd. ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education. ISBN-13: 9780073403229. 

http://www.curriculumvisions.com/search/B/body/body.html

http://franciscosanchez.net/2012/12/07/design-thinking/. https://www.columnfivemedia.com/infographic-10-tips-for-designing-effective-visual-communication. 

http://www.thebigad.com/category/print-ads/. https://www.literacyta.com/ecoach/5-steps-teaching-argumentative-writing 

http://www.imagesbuddy.com/img/be-yourself/page/45/ http://quotesgram.com/basketball-losing-quotes/ 

https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbesleadershipforum/2014/11/21/acting-techniques-that-make-public-speaking-more-fun-and-fearless/#562ec9f5333c http://theshakespeareblog.com/2016/02/post-war-british-theatre-finlay-gaskill-and-british-black-and-asian-shakespeare/

https://www.thinglink.com/scene/700842422384459777

http://www.henryhobhouse.com/2013/11/how-the-pareto-principle-8020-rule-defines-the-user-experience/
"Business-economic climate; the language, values, and customs in the sourrounding culture, & the historical moment in which the communication is taking place."
Context: - Employee appreciation week - Employee no longer on the team - Team production goals not met - Team production goals met 

 "When I am getting ready to reason with a man, I spend one-third of my time thinking about myself and what I am going to say and two-thirds about him and what he is going to say." Abraham Lincoln
Timely & Clear Communication, Requires time!

 "The present letter is a very long one, simply because I had no leisure to make it shorter." Blaise Pascal, The Provincial Letters, 12-4-1656